SF-04-0047

Uncovering the Outflow-Disk Relation of Class 0/I Protostars in the Serpens/Aquila Complex with ALMA

Naoto Harada, Kazuki Tokuda, Hayao Yamasaki, Asako Sato, Mitsuki Omura, Ayumu Shoshi, Masahiro N. Machida, Shingo Hirano, Kengo Tachihara, Toshikazu Onishi

Recent ALMA observations have revealed the diversity of protostellar disks in size, mass, and substructure. This diversity is thought to depend on the initial conditions of the prestellar collapse stage, such as the magnetic field strength and the direction. Since the outflow-disk relation is expected to reflect the diversity of the initial conditions, we have performed a statistical study of the envelope gas around protostars. Using ALMA 1.3mm archive data with a resolution of 300au, we have investigated 41 Class 0/I protostars in the Serpens/Aquila star-forming complex. The components with velocities greater than ~5 km/s from the systemic velocity in 12CO were regarded as indicators of outflows. The spatial distributions of each outflow clearly show diverse morphologies, such as bipolar, monopolar, multiple outflows from a single source, and complex irregular shapes. For the outflow detected sources, the outflow force positively correlates with the bolometric luminosity, which is consistent with the trend obtained in previous similar surveys. In addition, the outflow force correlates well with the 1.3 mm flux, which is likely to be the primary tracer of disk mass, suggesting that heavier disks produce more powerful outflows. Furthermore, no clear high-velocity wing component in 12CO was detected in four sources, corresponding to 10% of the total sample, suggesting that they may have no outflows or only tiny ones below the detection limit. Our results described above do not necessarily depend on their evolutionary stages based on the bolometric temperature, suggesting that tracing the diversity of outflows provides clues to address the origin disk diversity in an early phase of star formation.